US HS Codes Chapters and Sections

Covers live farm animals — cattle, horses, sheep, goats, swine, poultry (live birds), and live fish for stocking. MFN duty rates are typically low or zero under GSP, but animal health import permits from APHIS may be required, and live animals cannot be shipped through postal mail.

Fresh, chilled, or frozen meat from animals classified in Chapter 1, plus edible offal (liver, kidneys, tongues). MFN rates are low, but U.S. beef and pork inspections apply, and Section 301 tariffs on meat from China or other trade-policy targets can add 10–25%.

Fish (fresh, chilled, frozen, salted, or dried), crustaceans (shrimp, lobster, crab), molluscs (oysters, mussels), and other aquatic invertebrates. MFN rates vary from zero to 15%; shrimp from certain origins faces antidumping duties, and FDA seafood import alerts apply.

Dairy products (milk, butter, cheese, yogurt), bird eggs (fresh or preserved), natural honey, and edible products of animal origin not elsewhere classified. MFN duty rates are generally low, but cheese quotas and USDA inspection requirements apply.

Furskins, animal guts, tendons, animal hair, and other miscellaneous animal-origin products that don't fit neatly into Chapters 1–4. Duty rates vary by item — watch for Section 301 surcharges on fur from China.

Live trees, bushes, and other plants, plus bulbs, tubers, roots, and cut flowers. Phyto-sanitary import permits from USDA APHIS are required; many plants are quarantined or prohibited due to pest risk. MFN rates are low or zero.

Fresh, chilled, frozen, or preserved vegetables — tomatoes, potatoes, onions, carrots, cucumbers, and many more. MFN rates are generally low, but Section 301 tariffs on fresh produce from China can add 10–25%, and seasonal quotas on certain vegetables apply.

Fresh or frozen fruit and nuts, plus citrus fruit peel and melon peel. MFN rates are low, but some origins (notably China) face Section 301 surcharges, and pest-risk fruits may require fumigation.

Coffee (green, roasted, instant), tea (black, green, herbal), maté, and spices (pepper, cinnamon, cloves, vanilla, curry blends). MFN duty is zero for green coffee and most unprocessed spices; processed spices carry higher rates.

All cereal grains — wheat, rice, maize (corn), barley, oats, rye, sorghum. MFN rates are low or zero, but rice has quota restrictions and wheat may face tariff-rate quotas depending on origin.

Flour, meal, and pellets from cereals, plus malt, starches, inulin, and wheat gluten. MFN rates are typically low, and many products qualify for GSP duty-free treatment.

Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits (soybeans, sunflower seeds, palm kernels), plus miscellaneous grains and seeds used for planting. MFN rates are low; soybeans and sunflower seeds are duty-free under most programs.

Natural lac, gums (gum arabic, gum tragacanth), resins (frankincense, myrrh, copal), vegetable saps, and extracts (vanilla extract, licorice extract). MFN duty rates vary from zero to moderate.

Vegetable plaiting materials (rattan, bamboo, straw), and miscellaneous vegetable products not elsewhere classified. Duty rates are generally low.

Animal fats (tallow, lard) and vegetable oils (soybean, palm, sunflower, olive), plus hydrogenated oils, margarine, and animal/vegetable waxes. MFN duty rates are low or zero for crude oils; refined oils carry slightly higher rates.

Prepared or preserved meat, fish, crustaceans, molluscs — sausages, canned tuna, smoked salmon, cooked shrimp. MFN rates are moderate; Section 301 tariffs can apply if originating from China.

Sugar (cane and beet), sugar substitutes, and sugar confectionery (candy, caramel, toffee). MFN rates are moderate to high due to U.S. sugar program quotas; sugar from certain origins is subject to tariff-rate quotas.

Cocoa beans, cocoa paste, cocoa butter, cocoa powder, and chocolate preparations. MFN duty rates are low to moderate; chocolate confectionery may qualify for GSP.

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch, or milk — bread, biscuits, cakes, pastries, pasta. MFN rates are moderate; fresh baked goods may have higher rates than shelf-stable products.

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other plant parts — canned tomatoes, jams, jellies, fruit cocktail, pickles. MFN rates are moderate; watch for Section 301 on canned goods from China.

Miscellaneous edible preparations — sauces, soups, broths, seasonings, protein concentrates, food additives. MFN rates are low to moderate.

Beverages (water, juice, soda), spirits (vodka, whiskey, rum), and vinegar. Alcoholic beverages carry federal excise tax plus moderate MFN rates; non-alcoholic beverages are lower.

Residues and waste from food processing — bran, brewers' spent grain, animal feed, pet food. MFN rates are low; pet food may require FDA registration.

Tobacco products — cigars, cigarettes, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, snuff, e-cigarettes. MFN rates are high plus federal excise taxes; nicotine products face FDA regulation.

Salt, sulphur, clays, kaolin, sand, gravel, limestone, cement, plaster. MFN duty rates are zero or very low for most bulk minerals.

Ores and concentrates — iron ore, copper ore, bauxite, uranium ore, slag and ash from smelting. MFN rates are zero for most unprocessed ores.

Mineral fuels — petroleum oils, gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, coal, natural gas, bitumen, petroleum waxes. MFN rates are low or zero for crude oil; refined fuels carry moderate rates plus excise taxes.

Inorganic chemicals — acid, bases, salts, precious-metal compounds, rare-earth compounds, radioactive elements. MFN rates are moderate; rare earths from China may face export restrictions.

Organic chemicals — alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters. MFN rates are low to moderate; specialty chemicals may be duty-free under GSP.

Pharmaceutical products — prescription drugs, vaccines, OTC medications, vitamin supplements, diagnostic reagents. MFN duty rates are generally zero under GSP, but FDA import registration, labeling, and expiration-date requirements are strict. Section 301 tariffs on pharmaceuticals from China apply to some subheadings.

Fertilizers — nitrogen-based, phosphate-based, potash, and mixed fertilizers. MFN rates are low or zero; some countries face export taxes on fertilizer ingredients.

Tanning extracts, tannins, dyes, pigments, paints, inks, mastics. MFN duty rates are moderate.

Essential oils, perfumery products, cosmetics, toilet preparations — cologne, lipstick, moisturizer, shampoo, toothpaste. MFN rates are moderate; cosmetics require FDA ingredient disclosure.

Soap, detergents, surface-active agents, lubricating preparations, candles, waxes, shoe polish. MFN duty rates are low to moderate.

Albumin, glues, enzymes, prepared glues, amylaceous products not elsewhere classified. MFN rates are low.

Explosives, pyrotechnic articles, matches, pyrophoric alloys. Strict BATFE import licensing; MFN rates are low but federal registration is mandatory.

Photographic film, plates, paper, chemicals, sensitizers. MFN rates are low; digital photography equipment is covered under Chapters 85 or 90.

Miscellaneous chemical products — surfactants, catalysts, desiccants, anti-freeze preparations, chemical additives. MFN duty rates are moderate.

Plastics in primary forms (pellets, granules) and articles of plastics — bags, bottles, films, sheets, kitchenware, packaging. MFN rates are low (0–6.5%); plastic toys and consumer goods from China may be subject to Section 301 surcharges.

Natural rubber and synthetic rubber in primary forms and articles — tires, tubes, hoses, conveyor belts. MFN duty rates are low to moderate; Section 232 tariffs on steel cords in tires may apply indirectly.

Raw hides and skins, tanned leather, patent leather, leather waste. MFN rates are low; raw hides are duty-free.

Articles of leather — handbags, wallets, belts, briefcases, suitcases, gloves. MFN duty rates are moderate (5–8%); leather goods from China face Section 301 tariffs on several subheadings.

Furskins and articles of fur — fur coats, fur accessories, artificial fur. MFN rates vary; fur from China may face Section 301 surcharges.

Wood in the rough, lumber, veneer, plywood, particleboard, fiberboard, joinery, wooden furniture parts. MFN rates are low; plywood from certain origins faces antidumping duties.

Cork in natural form and articles of cork — bottle stoppers, floor tiles, cork fabric. MFN duty rates are low or zero.

Manufactures of straw, esparto, or other plaiting materials — baskets, mats, woven shades. MFN rates are low.

Wood pulp, recovered paper, paperboard waste. MFN duty rates are zero.

Paper and paperboard — uncoated, coated, kraft paper, newsprint, cardstock, sanitary paper. MFN rates are low; newsprint from Canada was subject to antidumping duties in 2018–2021.

Printed books, newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, calendars, greeting cards, other printed matter. MFN duty is zero for books; higher rates apply to certain printed advertising materials.

Silk in primary forms and yarns. MFN rates are low.

Wool and fine animal hair in primary forms, yarns, and fabrics. MFN rates are low to moderate.

Cotton in primary forms, yarns, and fabrics. MFN rates are low to moderate; cotton goods from China face Section 301 tariffs on many subheadings.

Other vegetable textile fibers (linen, jute, hemp) in primary forms, yarns, and fabrics. MFN rates are low.

Man-made filaments — synthetic filament yarn (polyester, nylon, acrylic) and fabrics. MFN rates are moderate; many synthetic fabrics from China face Section 301 surcharges.

Man-made staple fibers — polyester, nylon, acrylic staple yarns and fabrics. MFN rates are moderate.

Wadding, felt, nonwovens, rope, cordage, twine, netting. MFN rates are low.

Carpets, rugs, tapestries, other textile floor coverings. MFN duty rates are moderate (4–8%); rugs from China face Section 301 tariffs.

Special woven fabrics — pile fabrics, tufted fabrics, chenille, lace, narrow fabrics. MFN rates are moderate.

Impregnated, coated, covered, or laminated textile fabrics; textile products for industrial use. MFN rates are low to moderate.

Non-woven fabrics and articles thereof. MFN rates are low.

Knitted or crocheted fabrics. MFN duty rates are moderate.

Woven apparel and clothing accessories — T-shirts, shirts, pants, jackets, dresses, coats. MFN rates are 6.5–9%; apparel from China faces broad Section 301 tariffs, and some subheadings also carry quota restrictions.

Other made-up textile articles — bed linens, tablecloths, towels, flags, parachutes, sleeping bags. MFN rates are moderate; linens from China face Section 301 surcharges.

Footwear — athletic shoes, dress shoes, boots, sandals, slippers, insoles. MFN duty rates are typically 8.5% ad valorem plus a specific rate per pair (e.g., $3.00/pair); Section 301 tariffs apply to most footwear from China.

Headgear — hats, caps, helmets, hairnets, visors, hat parts. MFN rates are moderate; some subheadings from China face Section 301.

Umbrellas, sun umbrellas, walking sticks, seat sticks, whips, riding crops. MFN rates are low; umbrellas from China face Section 301 surcharges.

Feathers, down, articles of feathers or down, artificial flowers, human hair wigs. MFN rates are low to moderate.

Stone (granite, marble, slate), articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica. MFN rates are low.

Ceramic products — bricks, tiles, sanitary ware (toilets, sinks), ceramic pots and tableware. MFN rates are low to moderate; tiles from China face antidumping duties.

Glass and glassware — flat glass, glass bottles, glass jars, table glassware, mirrors. MFN duty rates are low to moderate; glassware from China faces Section 301 tariffs on some subheadings.

Natural and cultured pearls, precious stones (diamonds, rubies, emeralds), semi-precious stones, precious metals (gold, silver, platinum), jewelry, imitation jewelry, watches with precious metal cases. MFN duty is zero for most precious metal items and stones.

Iron and steel in primary forms — ingots, billets, coils, sheets, bars. Section 232 tariffs of 25% apply to steel from most origins, and many subheadings also carry Section 301 surcharges if originating from China.

Articles of iron and steel — reinforcing bars, structural shapes, steel pipes, steel containers, steel towers. Section 232 25% tariffs apply broadly.

Copper in primary forms and articles — copper wire, copper pipe, copper sheets, brass articles. Section 232 10% tariffs apply to copper from most origins.

Nickel in primary forms and articles. MFN rates are low; some Chinese nickel articles face Section 301.

Aluminum in primary forms and articles — aluminum sheets, aluminum extrusions, aluminum cans, aluminum building products. Section 232 10% tariffs apply to aluminum from most origins.

Zinc in primary forms and articles. MFN rates are low.

Tin in primary forms and articles. MFN rates are low.

Other base metals and cermets — tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, magnesium. MFN rates are low.

Tools — hand tools (hammers, wrenches, screwdrivers), power tool parts, interchangeable tools. MFN rates are moderate; Section 301 tariffs apply to many tools from China.

Knives, razors, scissors, safety razors, razor blades, table cutlery. MFN rates are low to moderate; some subheadings from China face Section 301.

Miscellaneous articles of base metal — nails, screws, bolts, hinges, locks, safes, metal furniture fittings. MFN rates are low to moderate; watch for Section 232/301 stacking.

General mechanical machinery — engines, pumps, compressors, fans, refrigerators, washing machines, dryers, dishwashers, machine tools, agricultural machinery, forklifts. MFN rates are low to moderate; some heavy machinery may qualify for duty-free treatment under GSP.

Electrical machinery and equipment — electric motors, transformers, batteries, cables, telephones, radios, televisions, smartphones, laptops, tablets, routers, cameras, electronic components, solar panels, wind turbines. MFN rates are low (0–5%); solar panels from China have faced Section 201 tariffs (30% declining over 4 years), and Section 301 tariffs apply to many electronics subheadings.

Railway and tramway locomotives, rolling stock, railway track fixtures and fittings. MFN rates are low.

Motor vehicles — cars, trucks, buses, vans, motorcycles, bicycles, trailers, caravans. Passenger cars face a 2.5% MFN rate plus a $3.00/ton "gas guzzler" tax on inefficient models; 25% MFN rate on light trucks (historically called the "Chicken Tax") still applies.

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof. Civil aircraft duty is zero; military aircraft subject to ITAR controls.

Ships, boats, inflatables, lifeboats, floating docks, marine propulsion engines. MFN duty rates are zero for most commercial vessels.

Optical instruments — cameras, camcorders, projectors, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, eyeglasses, sunglasses. Photographic and medical equipment — X-ray machines, MRI scanners, ultrasound devices, surgical instruments, hearing aids. MFN rates are low or zero; medical devices require FDA 510(k) clearance.

Clocks and watches — wristwatches, pocket watches, wall clocks, alarm clocks, parts. MFN rates are low to moderate; smart watches fall here too and may also have Section 301 tariffs if made in China.

Musical instruments — pianos, guitars, violins, drums, flutes, keyboards, synthesizers, parts and accessories. MFN rates are low.

Arms and ammunition — firearms, air guns, ammunition, missiles, explosives, pyrotechnic devices. Strict ITAR controls and ATF licensing; MFN rates are low but federal registration is mandatory and importer licensing is required.

Furniture and parts — office furniture, kitchen furniture, bedroom furniture, outdoor furniture, mattresses, blinds. MFN duty rates are moderate (0–3%); wooden and metal furniture from China faced Section 301 tariffs (10–25%) on several subheadings. Also covers bedding, cushions, and similar.

Toys, games, sports equipment — plastic toys, stuffed animals, board games, video game consoles, bicycles, playground equipment, fishing rods, golf clubs. MFN rates are moderate; toys and games from China face broad Section 301 tariffs, and lead/content safety tests (ASTM F963) are mandatory for all toy imports.

Miscellaneous manufactured articles — brooms, brushes, pens, pencils, markers, lighters, pipe tobacco, matches, artificial flowers, wigs. MFN rates are low to moderate; watch for Section 301 on subheadings originating from China.

Works of art, collectors' pieces, antiques. Paintings, sculptures, etchings, lithographs, antiques over 100 years old. MFN duty is zero under the Harmonized Tariff Schedule General Notes for original works of art.

Special classification provisions — goods imported with use of an importer of record, goods for repair, sample goods, emergency disaster relief, reconditioned goods, diplomatic goods. MFN rates vary; many subheadings are duty-free under specific programs.

Temporary legislation — IEEPA reciprocal tariffs, Section 232, Section 301, Section 201 (safeguard), and other presidential proclamations that modify rates temporarily. These rates are layered ON TOP of the rates in Chapters 1–98 based on origin country and entry date.